IMO a big running theme in Wheel of Time is how the nature of particular institutions can work to its detriment, even if their stated purpose is meant to be just. Tar Valon shares a lot of structural issues as well that limit the Aes Sedai's ability to do good in the world.
I'm personally really surprised how the Whitecloaks were able to be as big of a threat as they are, considering Aes Sedai have influence across most of the nations of the world. You'd think they'd prioritize quashing them, especially given the amount of Darkfriends in the Children of the Light.